July 1-July 27: The First Battle of El Alamein.

July 3: Guadalcanal, occupied only by aborigines falls to the Japanese Naval construction force deployed to construct an air field on the island.

July 4: Twenty-four ships are sunk by German bombers and submarines after Convoy PQ 17 to the Soviet Union is scattered in the Arctic Ocean to evade the German battleship Tirpitz. - US Eighth Air Force inauspiciously flies its first mission in Europe using borrowed British planes and bombs targets in the Netherlands, such as De Kooy airfield attached to Den Helder naval base. Three of six aircraft return; Captain Charles C. Kegelman is the first member of 8th Airforce to be awarded DFC for this mission.

July 6: Anne Frank's family goes into hiding in an attic above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse.

July 8: Turkish prime minister Refik Saydam died while working in office. For one day he is succeeded by Ahmet Fikri Tüzer

July 9: S,ükrü Saracog(lu forms the new (13th) government in Turkey.

July 13: German U-Boats sink 3 more merchant ships in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

July 14: Germany introduces the Ostvolk Medal for Soviet personnel in the Wehrmacht.

July 16: By order of the Vichy France government headed by Pierre Laval, French police officers round-up 13,000-20,000 Jews and imprison them in the Winter Velodrome. - Georges Bégué and others escape from the Mauzac prison camp.

July 18: The Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me 262 (using only its jets) for the first time.

July 19: Battle of the Atlantic: German Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders the last U-boats to withdraw from their United States Atlantic coast positions, in response to an effective American convoy system.

July 21: The Japanese establish a beachhead on the north coast of New Guinea in the Buna-Gona area; a small Australian force begins a rearguard action on the Kokoda Track Campaign.

July 22: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.

July 29: The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR institutes the Order of Suvorov, the Order of Kutuzov, and reinstates the Order of Alexander Nevsky.

July 30: Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES).

July 31: The Oxford Committee for Famine Relief (OXFAM) is founded. (source: Wikipedia)